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ROLE OF ICT IN NIGERIA MARITIME TRANSPORTATION SECTOR
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Ports have become a fundamental element of global supply chains and logistics (Mondragon, [1]) and contribute immensely to nations’ economies. Increasingly, Information Communication Technology (ICT) has become an important component of the global maritime industries (Aung, [2]). Many seaports have adopted ICT in managing terminal operation to enhance their productivity (ITU, [3]) and operate in line with global standards. Since mid-1980’s, ICT application has become part of the port sector which has been exploring options in governance, operational and technological implementation of strategies (Mondragon, [1]). The managements of most ports are investing more in ICT infrastructure to become more efficient not only in expectation of higher returns but to retain patronage of their clients who are often demanding better quality services (Ships and Ports, [4]).
1.2 Statement of the problem
Ports around the globe have adopted ICT in a bid to improve their operational performance and remain competitive in the industry. However, ports in developing economies still grapple with challenges associated with manual port operation. Despite recent terminal concession reforms, Nigeria ports are still beset with slow documentation processes, delays in cargo clearance and container examination procedures (LCCI, [5]). Delays in cargo clearance and the resultant congestion at the ports have become source of concern to all port users (Raballand et al., [6], Daudi, [7], Kunaka et al., [8]). To address concerns of port customers, the management of Nigerian ports introduced some ICT applications to improve port productivity, safety and security, reduce overhead costs and improve port customer satisfaction. Notable among these applications include Command, Control, Communication and Intelligence (CCCI) facility, electronic Ship Entry Notice (e-SEN), Revenue and Invoice Management System (RIMS), Corporate Website and Customer Portals. Yet, there are still concerns about the reach and integration of these ICT applications in port terminal operations, port user community and the national I.T infrastructure. As Temidayo [9] puts it: the inability of Nigeria ports’ management to integrate the single electronic window in processes involving other relevant Federal agencies such as Nigerian Maritime & Safety Agency, Nigerian Shippers Council, Nigeria Customs Service, various terminal operators, shipping firms and other agencies at ports has hindered operational efficiency of the port and caused loss of revenue. It has therefore become imperative to examine the extent of ICT application and integration in port processes and identify areas for policy intervention. The problem of this paper is to establish the extent of ICT applications and integration as well as limiting factors to ICT use in transport terminal operations.
1.3 Objectives of Study
1) ICT applications deployed in Nigeria transport terminal operations;
2) ICT integration in terminal operations;
3) Factors limiting ICT use in maritime transportation.
1.4 Research Questions
1) What are ICT applications deployed in Nigeria transport terminal operations;
2) What are ICT integration in terminal transport operations;
3) Factors limiting ICT use in maritime transportation.
1.5 Research Hypothesis
H0: There is no significant impact of use of ict in maritime transport sector
H1: There is a significant impact of use of ict in maritime transport sector
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