MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN IBADAN SOUTH WEST LGA, OYO STATE

MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN IBADAN SOUTH WEST LGA, OYO STATE

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MANAGING ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN IBADAN SOUTH WEST LGA, OYO STATE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Environmental challenges have become a major concern in both urban and semi-urban communities across Nigeria. Rapid population growth, unplanned urbanization, and inadequate infrastructure have contributed to environmental problems such as waste mismanagement, flooding, air and water pollution, deforestation, and land degradation (Adelekan, 2016). These challenges not only threaten public health and livelihoods but also create tensions and conflicts among community members, government authorities, and other stakeholders.

Ibadan South West Local Government Area (LGA) in Oyo State is one of the densely populated areas in Ibadan metropolis. The area experiences significant environmental stress due to high population density, poor waste disposal systems, blocked drainage channels, and informal settlements. These environmental conditions often lead to disputes over land use, waste dumping sites, flooding impacts, and access to basic services (Oladipo & Adekunle, 2019).

Environmental conflicts arise when individuals or groups compete over scarce environmental resources or when environmental degradation affects livelihoods and living conditions. According to Homer-Dixon (1999), environmental scarcity and degradation can contribute to social instability and conflict, especially in areas with weak governance structures. In local communities like Ibadan South West LGA, unresolved environmental issues can escalate into interpersonal, communal, or institutional conflicts.

Conflict resolution refers to the processes and mechanisms used to address disputes and restore harmony. It involves negotiation, mediation, collaboration, and community participation aimed at finding sustainable solutions to problems (Galtung, 2000). In the context of environmental challenges, effective conflict resolution requires inclusive decision-making, environmental education, and strong local institutions to manage disputes and prevent future conflicts.

This study therefore examines the environmental challenges facing Ibadan South West LGA and explores the role of conflict resolution mechanisms in addressing these challenges. Understanding this relationship is important for promoting peaceful coexistence, sustainable environmental management, and community development.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Despite various government efforts to improve environmental sanitation and urban planning, Ibadan South West LGA continues to face serious environmental challenges. Poor waste management, indiscriminate dumping, flooding caused by blocked drainages, and pollution have negatively affected the quality of life of residents (Adelekan, 2016).

These environmental problems have also become sources of conflict among residents, landlords and tenants, traders, waste management agencies, and local authorities. Disputes often arise over responsibility for waste disposal, drainage maintenance, and land use. In many cases, these conflicts are poorly managed or left unresolved, leading to persistent tension and mistrust within the community (Oladipo & Adekunle, 2019).

There is limited empirical research that links environmental challenges directly with conflict resolution strategies at the local government level in Ibadan South West LGA. Without proper understanding of how environmental issues generate conflict and how such conflicts are resolved, policies and interventions may remain ineffective. This study therefore seeks to assess environmental challenges and conflict resolution processes in Ibadan South West LGA, Oyo State.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this study is to examine environmental challenges and conflict resolution in Ibadan South West LGA, Oyo State.

The specific objectives are to:

identify the major environmental challenges in Ibadan South West LGA;

examine the types and causes of environmental-related conflicts in the area;

assess the existing conflict resolution mechanisms used to address environmental disputes;

evaluate the effectiveness of these mechanisms in resolving conflicts;

suggest strategies for improving environmental management and conflict resolution in the LGA.

1.4 Research Questions

The following research questions guide the study:

What are the major environmental challenges in Ibadan South West LGA?

What types of conflicts arise from environmental issues in the area?

What conflict resolution mechanisms are used to address these environmental conflicts?

How effective are the existing conflict resolution strategies?

What measures can improve environmental management and conflict resolution in the LGA?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study is significant to local government administrators, environmental agencies, community leaders, and policymakers. It will provide insights into how environmental problems contribute to conflict and how such conflicts can be managed effectively.

The findings will assist the Oyo State Ministry of Environment and Ibadan South West LGA authorities in designing better environmental policies and conflict resolution frameworks. It will also contribute to academic knowledge in environmental management, peace studies, and local governance. Students and researchers will find the study useful as a reference for future work.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study focuses on environmental challenges and conflict resolution in Ibadan South West Local Government Area, Oyo State. It covers issues such as waste management, flooding, pollution, and land use conflicts, as well as the mechanisms used to resolve these conflicts. The study does not extend to other LGAs in Oyo State.

1.7 Operational Definition of Terms

Environmental Challenges: Problems related to the degradation of the natural and built environment, including waste, pollution, and flooding.

Conflict: A disagreement or dispute between individuals or groups over interests, resources, or responsibilities.

Conflict Resolution: Methods and processes used to settle disputes and restore peaceful relationships.

Local Government Area (LGA): The third tier of government in Nigeria responsible for grassroots administration and service delivery.

Sustainable Environmental Management: The responsible use and protection of environmental resources to meet present and future needs.

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