IMPACT OF BREAST CANCER AWARENESS ON THE PREVENTION OF BREAST CANCER AMONG NIGERIAN WOMEN

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IMPACT OF BREAST CANCER AWARENESS ON THE PREVENTION OF BREAST CANCER AMONG NIGERIAN WOMEN

Abstract:

This study examines the impact of breast cancer awareness campaigns on the prevention of breast cancer among Nigerian women. Breast cancer remains a significant health concern globally, and early detection through awareness initiatives plays a crucial role in reducing mortality rates. This research assesses the effectiveness of awareness programs in imparting knowledge, encouraging preventive measures, and influencing healthcare-seeking behaviors among Nigerian women. By analyzing the correlation between awareness and preventive actions, the study aims to contribute insights that can guide future strategies for breast cancer prevention and healthcare promotion in the Nigerian context.

Keywords:

Breast Cancer, Awareness Campaigns, Prevention, Women’s Health, Healthcare-Seeking Behavior, Early Detection, Health Education, Nigeria.

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Breast cancer remains a significant public health concern globally, with a substantial impact on women’s health and well-being. In Nigeria, as in many other parts of the world, breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer among women. The imperative for early detection, prevention, and treatment underscores the importance of breast cancer awareness campaigns. This chapter introduces the research, providing context to the prevalence of breast cancer in Nigeria, the role of awareness campaigns, and the need to explore the impact of breast cancer awareness on prevention among Nigerian women.

Breast Cancer is a common female terminal disease across the world and in every culture with more than 4.7million new cases reported annually. 55% of this number occurs in Less Developing Countries (Adetifa & Ojikutu, 2009). The spread of breast cancer has continued to increase at the rate 50–100% globally (Hayam, Howida, & Zakeya, 2014) and 0.5% each year since 1985 in Nigeria (WHO, 2004). Nigeria records about 500,000 new cases yearly since 2010 with a dismal 10% survival rate (Lambo, 2007; Salant et al., 2006). The Lagos State Ministry of Health observes that 15% of these cases occur in women less than 30 years, while majority of the cases occur at age range of 43–50 years (Oluwatosin, 2012; Adebamowo & Ajayi, 2006).

Despite the growing campaigns on breast cancer awareness in Nigeria generally and Southeast particularly (Okobia, Bunker, Okonofua, et al., 2006), the rates of its spread tend to grow while the practice of required remedial practices continue to vary widely among women. Most of the rural women are either unaware of the cancer, have poor knowledge of breast cancer, or exhibit poor preventive and curative practices (Akpo, 2010; Makanguola, Amoo, Ajibade, et al., 2003). Consequently, civil society organisations, and relevant agencies in the Southeast Nigeria embarked on multiple media programmes using different radio channels, televisions, newspapers, and social media to create awareness of the cancer, its preventive and curative behaviours or measures. This paper investigates the phenomenon in Southeast with a view to the level and nature of awareness therein, and the associated influence on the health behaviour of women.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Breast cancer awareness campaigns have gained prominence as pivotal tools in promoting early detection and prevention. However, the effectiveness of these campaigns, particularly in the context of Nigerian women, remains a critical concern. Limited research has been conducted to assess the direct impact of breast cancer awareness initiatives on preventive behaviors, such as regular screenings and lifestyle modifications. This study seeks to address this gap by exploring the tangible outcomes and effectiveness of breast cancer awareness programs in influencing preventive practices among Nigerian women.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The primary objectives of this study are:

To assess the level of breast cancer awareness among Nigerian women.

To examine the impact of breast cancer awareness campaigns on preventive behaviors, such as regular screenings and lifestyle modifications.

To identify the factors influencing the effectiveness of breast cancer awareness initiatives in the Nigerian context.

To propose recommendations for enhancing the impact of breast cancer awareness on prevention among Nigerian women.

1.4 Research Questions

What is the level of breast cancer awareness among Nigerian women?

How do breast cancer awareness campaigns influence preventive behaviors, such as regular screenings and lifestyle modifications, among Nigerian women?

What factors contribute to the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of breast cancer awareness initiatives in Nigeria?

What recommendations can be proposed for improving the impact of breast cancer awareness on prevention among Nigerian women?

1.5 Justification of the Study

Breast cancer awareness campaigns are integral to promoting early detection and prevention, but their direct impact on behavioral changes among Nigerian women is not thoroughly understood. This study is justified by the need to evaluate the effectiveness of existing awareness initiatives and provide evidence-based insights to guide future interventions. The outcomes of this research will inform policymakers, healthcare professionals, and organizations involved in breast cancer awareness campaigns, ultimately contributing to improved preventive practices among Nigerian women.

1.6 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on the impact of breast cancer awareness on prevention specifically among Nigerian women. The research encompasses an examination of the awareness levels, behavioral changes influenced by awareness campaigns, and the contextual factors affecting the effectiveness of these initiatives. The scope includes a diverse representation of Nigerian women across different demographics.

TABLE OF CONTENT:

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Statement of the Research Problem

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1.4 Significance of the Study

1.5 Research Questions

1.6 Research Hypothesis

1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition

1.8 Assumptions

1.9 Limitations of the Study