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COMPARING SONOURETHROGRAPHY AND RETROGRADE URETHROGRAM IN PATIENT WITH ANTERIOR URETHRAL IN ENUGU
Abstract:
This study aims to compare the diagnostic efficacy of Sonourethrography (SUG) and Retrograde Urethrogram (RUG) in assessing anterior urethral strictures among patients in Enugu, Nigeria. Anterior urethral strictures are a common urological condition that can significantly impair urinary function, and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management. While RUG has been the traditional imaging modality, SUG is emerging as a non-invasive alternative with the potential for higher resolution imaging and fewer complications.
The study involves a comparative analysis of imaging data from patients diagnosed with anterior urethral strictures using both SUG and RUG techniques. Parameters such as stricture length, location, and degree of narrowing were evaluated and compared between the two methods. The findings are expected to highlight the sensitivity, specificity, and overall diagnostic accuracy of each imaging technique.
Preliminary results suggest that SUG may offer advantages in terms of patient comfort and real-time imaging without radiation exposure, making it a potentially superior alternative to RUG. The study’s outcomes could inform clinical practice in Enugu, promoting the adoption of more effective diagnostic tools for managing urethral strictures and improving patient care.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.3.1 General Objective
1.3.2 Specific Objectives
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Hypotheses
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Limitations of the Study
1.9 Definition of Terms
Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Overview of Anterior Urethral Strictures
2.1.1 Etiology and Pathophysiology
2.1.2 Clinical Presentation
2.2 Imaging Techniques for Urethral Strictures
2.2.1 Retrograde Urethrogram (RUG)
2.2.2 Sonourethrography (SUG)
2.3 Comparative Studies on RUG and SUG
2.4 Advantages and Disadvantages of RUG and SUG
2.5 Summary of Key Findings from Literature
2.6 Theoretical Framework
2.7 Conceptual Framework
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Study Population
3.3 Sampling Technique and Sample Size
3.4 Data Collection Methods
3.4.1 Instrumentation for RUG
3.4.2 Instrumentation for SUG
3.5 Procedure for Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis Techniques
3.7 Ethical Considerations
3.8 Validity and Reliability of Instruments
Chapter 4: Results and Analysis
4.1 Demographic Characteristics of the Study Population
4.2 Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracy between RUG and SUG
4.2.1 Stricture Length
4.2.2 Stricture Location
4.2.3 Degree of Narrowing
4.3 Sensitivity and Specificity of RUG and SUG
4.4 Patient Comfort and Safety Analysis
4.5 Discussion of Findings
4.6 Summary of Key Results
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Implications for Clinical Practice
5.3 Recommendations for Healthcare Providers
5.4 Recommendations for Future Research
5.5 Limitations of the Study
5.6 Final Thoughts
References
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