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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A WEB BASED TIMETABLE SYSTEM FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT (UNIZIK)
ABSTRACT
This project examines the web based timetable, a case of Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka. Lecture timetabling is a very important process in any educational institution. It is an open-ended program in which courses must be arranged around a set of time slot ‘T’ and remains so that some constraints are satisfied. It constitutes a class of difficult-to-solve optimization problems that lacks analytical solution method. Data gathering on the current system was analyzed to create a requirement definition for the improved timetable system. Literature review was carried out to research the best approach that can help to solve the program in the timetable system. Genetic Algorithm has been implemented in the Timetable management system. This is because Genetic Algorithm is able to produce a feasible timetable system. Java, XML, and PHP programming languages were used in developing the solution. MySQL database was used as the back-end for the solution. The front-end solution will be implemented in an android mobile operating system for easier accessibility and proximity to users.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Problem Definition
1.3 Aim and Objectives
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Scope of the Study
1.6 Limitation of the Study
1.7 Statement of the Problem
1.8 Significance of the Study
1.9 Scope of the Study
1.10 Limitation of the Study
1.11 Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1Review of Related Introductions
2.2 Role of Information Technology in the Academic System
2.3 Data and Information
2.4 Computer-Based Information System
2.5 Database Management System
CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY AND SYSYTEM ANALYSIS
3.1 Methodology Adopted
3.1.1 Object-Oriented Hypermedia Design Methodology (OOHDM)
3.2 Analysis of the Existing System
3.2.1 Advantages of the Existing System
3.2.2 Disadvantages of the Existing System
3.3 Analysis of the New System
3.3.1 Use Case Diagram of the New System
3.3.2 Activity diagram
3.3.3 Sequence Diagram
3.4 Justification of the Proposed System
3.5 Weaknesses of the proposed system
3.6 High Level Model of the Proposed System
CHAPTER FOUR: SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
4.1 System Design
4.2 Objectives of the Design
4.3 Decomposition and Cohesion of the High-Level Model
4.3.1 Main Menu
4.3.2 Student Timetable Menu
4.3.3 News Update Menu
4.3.4 Lecturers Menu
4.3.5 Administrator Menu
4.4 System Module Components
4.4.1 Student Timetable Module
4.4.2 Lecturers Module
4.4 3 Administrator Module
4.5 Specifications
4.5.1 Database Development Tools
4.5.2 Input and Output Specifications
4.5.3 Program Algorithm
4.5.3.1 Algorithm for Students
4.5.3.2 Algorithm for Administrator
4.5.4 Data Dictionary
4.6 System Requirement
4.6.1 Hardware Requirement
4.6.2 Software Requirement
4.7 Program Development
4.7.1 Choice of Programming Environment
4.7.2 Language Justification
4.8 System implementation
4.8.1 Program Testing
4.8.2 File Conversion
4.8.3 Change-Over Procedures
4.8.3.1 Recommended Procedures
4.9 System Security
4.10 System Documentation and Implementation
4.10.1 User’s Guide
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary
5.2 Review of Achievements
5.3 Application Areas
5.4 Suggestion for Further Research
5.5 Conclusion
5.6 Recommendation
References
CHAPTER SIX:APPENDIX
Source Code
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Nnamdi Azikiwe University came into being as an offshoot of the defunct Anambra State University of Technology (ASUTECH). ASUTECH which was established through Law No. 7 of 30th July 1980 by the Government of the old Anambra operated as a multi-campus university, with campuses in Abakaliki, Enugu, Awka and Nnewi.In 1991, following the split of the old Anambra State into Anambra and Enugu States, the Awka and Nnewi campuses of the former ASUTECH were constituted into NnamdiAzikiwe University by the Anambra State Edict No.5 of November 26 1991. NnamdiAzikiwe University was taken over by the Federal Government by Decree No. 34 of July 15, 1992.NnamdiAzikiwe University’s current method of Timetable is not internet based which increases the stress on the part of the student who has to keep moving from one office to another. The forms that the students would be given has to be signed by the following departments of the school: The Student’s Academic Department (Dean’s office), University Librarian, Head of Department, Faculty, Bursary, Student’s Affairs, Health Centre and Registry (Exams and Records).Due to the various offices/department a student has to go to, the need for a web based Timetable system for students is inevitable to save time and the cost of transportation from one location to another.
The academic environment has gone so complex that an automated system may be required to automate certain aspects of the academic system. One such area of difficulty is timetable scheduling; those saddled with the responsibility of time table creation are always faced with challenges of creating effective system that will deliver its purpose.Automation has been seen as a way of enhancing Manual activities. For instance, Manual operations are characterized with some setbacks such as erroneous computation etc. with automation, those setbacks are either eliminated or reduced to barest minimal. To this effect application are being created to hide the manual operations and project automation.
The general task of solving timetable scheduling problems is iterative and time consuming. In real world application, the participants to the timetable scheduling have conflicting preferences which make the search for an optimal solution a problem. In order to solve the problems it is necessary to find a compromise between all the parties involved in the requirement, usually conflicting (e.g. day, time). The constraints are related to the availability, timetabling and preference of each of the instructor, to rooms availability, number of student and curricula. In order to solve this problem for the particular case of university system, timetable scheduling has to adopt the computer-base approach. Computer-base approach enables the institution to automate certain manual task and work efficiently. Also, in the particular case of timetable scheduling, the automated system could find an optimal or a sub-optimal solution using mainly interagentcommunication.
1.2Problem Definition
The scheduling problem can be defined as a problem of finding the optimal sequence for evaluating a finite set of operation (task or job) under a certain set of constrains that must be satisfied. A typical example of scheduling problem is timetable scheduling. The problems to be solved by timetable scheduling are mapped out below.
1) Maximize individual in timetable scheduling or other resources.
2) Minimize time required to complete the entire process for timetable scheduling.
3) Production of timetable and of conflict interest, place, etc.
All these problems and more are to be solved so that the proposal solution for timetable scheduling will be an enchantment over the manual.
1.3 Aim and Objectives.
In solving problems of timetable scheduling, there is need for an effective and efficient techniques or methods.The only method proven to be effective and effective is the computer-based approach. The approach that automates all the manual concepts of timetable scheduling thereby eliminate all the problems associated with the manual technique.To this end, this project work is designed to introduce computer bases approach to the manual method of timetable scheduling.
The aim and objective of this project is to examine how school Timetable system can be computerized and accessed online, with our main objective being:
· To develop a software that can enable the students to do their Timetable online, thereby removing the hurdles that students face/encounter after graduation in their attempt to do their Timetable from different departments.
· To develop software that will provide a better record keeping system.
1.4Research questions
What is web base time table?
What is automated time table?
How can a web base timetable effect school system?
1.5Scope of the Study.
Timetable scheduling is a complex and time consuming process. Generating timetable for all levels in a university system will definitely take a lot time. For the purpose of this work, time able creation will be based on degree programmeonly with focus on 100 and 200 level courses, this will be an effective way to start the process of time table creation.Also, the work will be made to run on the internet backbone this will make the application distributed and network based.
1.6Limitation of the Study
The proposed development is a time consuming process to this end the project will be streamline to 100 and 200-degree programme due to time limitation.Another problem is the inadequate research materials on the subject of timetable scheduling and creation. This project work made use of the little available materials.
1.7Statement of the Problem
In NnamdiAzikiwe University, timetable system has always been a manual and very tedious process. Effort has been made by the university to replace the existing system with an automated Timetable system for graduating student but to this day, Timetable is still a manual process. As one of the foremost federal university in the country, it is our duty to initiate and implement automated systems that will replace all manual process within our university system. The manual process of timetable system has a lot of limitation which include:
· The integrity of information is not fully guaranteed, as there is high risk of information getting to unauthorized or wrong hands that may manipulate the information illegally making the information inaccurate.
· In the absence of the personnel in charge of any of the Timetable form processes, the entire Timetable registration process is delayed until such personnel is available.
· Too much time is wasted before a student successfully completes his/her Timetable registration form.
· The manual process is only capable of attending to a limited number of students a day, hence students who are not attended to will have to come back the next day until they successfully complete their Timetable form registration.
1.8Significance of the Study
Online Timetable system is basically designed to save users information, facilitate the manipulation of data in a faster rate, provide concurrent access (access to many users at the same time) to authorize users, and also ensure the integrity and accuracy of the information system stored by the authorized users.
This project work will help to ease the queuing system in the university as the online Timetable system will help student to achieve whatever they want to achieve without coming to the various offices for Timetable. The online Timetable system will enable the users to check their status as whether they are in any way indebted to the school, fill and submit their Timetable form, and obtain their Timetable letter. There are several other advantages of online Timetable system and they are listed below:
· It saves a lot of time.
· It is very convenient to use it right from the comfort of your bedroom, office or anywhere at all in the world.
· It is inexpensive to both the student and the school management.
· It also helps the school in reducing cost such as labor and stationery.
1.9Scope of the Study
This project work is an online Timetable system for graduating students designed to manage the Timetable process for graduating students of only the Computer Science Department of the Faculty of Physical Sciences of NnamdiAzikiwe University. It is going to cover every programme the school runs (B.Sc, CEP, PGD, M.Sc, Ph.D).
1.10Limitation of the Study
For the purpose of this project, the services provided by the Online Timetable System for Graduating Students (OCSFGS) are restricted to the Computer Science Department. It does not extend to other departments in the University at the moment due to time constraints. The application can be extended if the University management is interested with it.
Financial constraints: It would cost a lot to develop a full web-based Timetable system for the entire school.
1.11Definition of Terms
· Timetable: This is the certification of blamelessness, trustworthiness, faithfulness or suitability.
· Computer Network: This is a system that connects two or more computers together using a communication links.
· Databases: A systematically arranged collection of computer data, structured so that it can be automatically retrieved or manipulated.
· File Transfer: This is the process of sending documents via the internet from one internet user to the other.
· Hyperlinks: Hyperlinks are highlighted words and phrase you find on web documents that you can click on as to jump to some other documents or internet services.
· OCSFGS: Online Timetable System for Graduating Student.
· Offline: Disconnected from computer network; describes a computer terminal peripheral device disconnected from a computer network.
· Online: This is the condition of being connected to a network of computer or other devices.
· Repository: This is a storage location for files, such as downloadable software packages, or files in a source control system.
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