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ANALGESTIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF ALCHORNEA LAXIFLORA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
- Background of the study
Alchornea laxiflora (Euphorbiaceae) is a deciduous shrub, ~6–10 m tall, that grows in most areas of Africa including Nigeria, Congo, Ethiopia, and throughout East Africa to Zimbabwe (7. … laxiflora is called “Opoto” and “Nwariwa,” respectively, among the Yoruba and Ibibio tribes of Nigeria.
General Information
Alchornea laxiflora is a deciduous, erect or straggling shrub or small tree that usually grows up to 7 metres tall, exceptionally to 10 metres[299
The tree is harvested from the wild for local use as a medicine and packing material.
Known Hazards
None known
Botanical References
Range
Tropical Africa – Guinea to Ethiopia, Uganda and Kenya, south to Congo, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Swaziland.
Habitat
Evergreen forest and associated bushland, in riverine thickets, at elevations from sea-level up to 1,600 metres[299
Properties
Medicinal Rating
* *
Other Uses Rating
* *
Habit Deciduous Tree
Height 6.00 m
Cultivation Status Wild
Cultivation Details
Not known
Edible Uses
None known
Medicinal
A decoction of the leaves is taken to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. It is also a common ingredient in herbal antimalarial preparations[299
The ground leaves are taken in water to treat hernia[299
The leaf sap and root decoction are drunk to treat pain in the neck and shoulders[299
The ash of the stem pith is applied to a stiff neck[299
Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins and phenolic compounds in the roots, and in lower amounts, in the leaves[299
From the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the crude methanolic leaf extract the flavonoids quercetin and the quercetin-related compounds rutin and quercitrin were isolated. These compounds showed significant antimicrobial activity against several gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi[299
In trials for antioxidant activity, crude hexane and methanol extracts of the root showed 65 – 75% activity, with around 40% activity for the leaves, in comparison with the standard anti-oxidant drug, butylated hydroxyanisole[299
Other Uses
The leaves are used as packing and preservation material for kola nuts (Cola spp.)[299
Small branches are used as chew sticks for maintaining healthy gums and teeth[299
Straight stems are used as fence poles[299
Propagation
Seed –
NAME: Alchornea laxiflora
FAMILY: Euphorbiaceae
COMMON NAMES: Three-veined bead string, Lowveld bead-string
LOCAL NAMES: Pepe, Ijan, uwenuwen, ububo, longoso
USEFUL PART(s): Stem, roots, leaves
GENERAL USES:
Leaves are used as wrapping and keeping material from destroying
Tender branches are used as chewing sticks for cleaning the teeth
Stems can be used as fence poles and also in making household and domestic items
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
Nigeria
Ethiopia
Congo
Zimbabwe
Mozambique
South Africa
Swaziland.
WHY IS IT GREEN?
Alchornea laxiflora medicinal values include:
Hernia
venereal diseases
Emmenagogue
Ring worm
Inflammatory diseases
Malaria
Pain relief
FUNFUL FACT
Alchornea laxiflora is a deciduous, upright small tree about 7–10 m tall and common in evergreen forests.
The flowers are unisexual and the fruits are even, dark green, brown, slightly hairy and has 3 seeds
- Statement of the problem
There may have been previous researches in this subject. This work gives further explanations and analysis in analgestic activity of methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
- Objectives of the study
- To understand the impact of analgestic activity of methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
- To understand the relationship between analgestic activity and methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
- Research questions
- What is the impact of analgestic activity of methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
- What is the relationship between analgestic activity and methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
- Research hypothesis
H0: There is no relationship between analgestic activity and methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
H1: There is a relationship between analgestic activity and methanolic leaf extract of alchornea laxiflora.
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